RPP Reading SMA

RENCANA PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN

Nama Sekolah       : SMA ……..

Mata Pelajaran      : Bahasa Inggris

Kelas/Semester     : XI/1

Keterampilan Bhs : Reading

Genre                    : Analytical Exposition

Tema/Topik           : Crimes in Big Cities

Pertemuan ke-       : 3

Alokasi Waktu      : 2 x 45 menit (1 pertemuan)

I.  Standar Kompetensi

Memahami makna teks fungsional pendek dan esei berbentuk report, narrative dan analytical exposition dalam konteks kehidupan sehari-hari dan untuk mengakses ilmu pengetahuan

II. Kompetensi Dasar

Merespon makna dan langkah retorika dalam esei yang menggunakan ragam bahasa tulis secara akurat, lancar dan berterima dalam konteks kehidupan sehari-hari dan untuk mengakses ilmu pengetahuan dalam teks berbentuk: report, narrative, dan analytical exposition 

III. Indikator

Setelah menyelesaikan pelajaran membaca jenis teks analytical exposition ini, peserta didik diharapkan mampu:

1.    menunjukkan gagasan utama (main idea) teks eksposisi;

2.    menentukan tujuan teks atau tujuan penulis;

3.    menyebutkan informasi rinci dalam teks, baik yang tersirat maupun tersurat;

4.    menjelaskan makna kata atau ungkapan tertentu dalam teks eksposisi;

5.    menjelaskan rujukan (reference) yang ada dalam teks eksposisi;

IV. Materi Ajar

Terlampir (lampiran 1)

V. Metode Pembelajaran

Inquiry-Based Teaching (IBT)

VI. Prosedur Pembelajaran

            A.Pendahuluan

1. Memberi salam

2. Berdoa (optional)

3. Mengecek kehadiran siswa

4. Mereview palajaran sebelumnya

5. Mengetengahkan topik pelajaran

6. Menjelaskan tujuan pelajaran

7. Menjelaskan manfaat pelajaran

B.Kegiatan Inti

Tahap	Kegiatan Guru	Kegiatan Siswa
Eksplorasi	1. Mengajukan beberapa pertanyaan yang mengarah pada topik bahasan, seperti What do you know about crime? Do you see crimes more frequently in big cities or in villages? 2. Menyampaikan kepada siswa bahwa mereka akan membaca sebuah teks dengan judul crime in big cities, kemudian meminta siswa untuk menebak informasi yang akan dijumpai dalam teks. 3. Mendistribusikan teks dan meminta siswa untuk mengecek apakah dugaan mereka tadi benar.	1. Menjawab pertanyaan guru sesuai dengan persepsi dan pengalaman masing-masing. 2. Menuliskan beberapa informasi yang diharapkan muncul dalam topik crime in big cities. 3. membaca teks secara cepat dan mengecek kebenaran dugaan mereka ttg isi teks.
Elaborasi	1. Meminta kelas membentuk beberapa kelompok kecil, lalu mendistribusikan lembaran tugas yang terkait dengan pemahaman isi bacaan. 2. Meminta siswa mendiskusikan dengan teman sekelompok tugas-tugas yang telah diterimanya. 3. Meminta masing-masing kelompok melaporkan hasil diskusinya. 4. Meminta siswa dari kelompok lain untuk memberi tanggapan (pertanyaan, sanggahan, saran, dll) atas presentasi tersebut (butir 3). 5. Meminta kelompok penyaji untuk memberikan tanggapan balik dari kelompok lain.	1. Kelas membentuk kelompok-kelompok kecil yang beranggotakan 3 sampai 5 orang. 2. Masing-masing kelompok mendiskusikan tugas yang diberikan oleh guru berkenaan dengan makna isi bacaan. 3. Setelah diskusi kelompok selesai, masing2 kelompok mempresentasikan hasilnya. 4. Siswa dari kelompok lain memberi tanggapan atas presentasi suatu kelompok. 5. Kelompok penyaji memberi tanggapan balik kepada para penanggap.
Konfirmasi	1. Memberikan penilaian terhadap hasil diskusi kelompok dan diskusi kelas. 2. Memberi penjelasan lebih lanjut kepada para siswa berkenaan dengan jawaban atas tugas-tugas tersebut.	1. Menyimak penilaian guru atas kinerja mereka, dan memberikan tanggapan seperlunya. 2. Memperhatikan penjelasan guru, dan memberikan tanggapan bila dianggap perlu.

C.Penutup

1. Meringkas pelajaran

2. Melakukan refleksi

3. Menyiapkan pelajaran yang akan datang

4. Memberi salam penutup

VII. Media Pembelajaran

1.    LCD projector, screen, dan laptop

2.    Video singkat tentang kehidupan di kota besar dan di desa.

VIII. Sumber Belajar

Sudarwati, Th., M. dan Grace, Eudia. 2005. Look Ahead: An English Course. Jakarta: Penerbit Erlangga.

IX. Penilaian

1.    Jenis Penilaian        : sumatif

2.    Teknik Penilaian     : tertulis, objektif, pilihan ganda

3.    Alat penilaian         : terlampir (lampiran 2)

4.    Kunci jawawan       : terlampir (lampiran 2)

5.    Rubrik Penilaian     : terlampir (lampiran 2)

                                                                                                Surakarta, 18 Juni 2012

Kepala Sekolah,                                                                      Guru Mata Pelajaran,

­­­­­­­­­­­­­_______________________                                                              ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­____________________

NIP.                                                                                                    NIP.

LAMPIRAN 1: MATERI PEMBELAJARAN

A.    Reading Text

Read the following text carefully.

Crime is a serious problem in big cities and it is getting worse every year. The subways are more dangerous. The streets are more dangerous. You may not even be safe in your own home.

There may not be a single answer. Many problems seem to make cities so dangerous. One of the problems is money. To fight crime, a city needs police officers, cars and guns. These  cost a lot of money but right now cities do not have much extra money. So, there are not enough police officers, cars and guns for cities.

Another problem is drugs. Crime studies show that many criminals use and sell drugs. After they start taking drugs, they want to have more. However, drugs are very expensive. So, these people may sell drugs to other people to make money or they may steal money to get more drugs.

There is an even more important cause of crime. Cities have rich and poor neighbourhoods. In  the poor neighbourhoods, jobs are hard to find. Many young people don’t have much hope for a better life. They only know one way to make a better living for themselves. That way is to sell drugs or steal. So, some of these young people become criminals.

B. Exercises

Task 1

1. What is the main idea of the text?

2. What is meant by a serious problem in big cities in the first paragraph?

3. What are the causes of the crime in big cities?

Task 2

What do the following words refer to in the text?

1. it (sentence 1 paragraph 1)

2. these (sentence 5 paragraph 2)

3. they (sentence 3 paragraph 3)

Task 3

Fill in the blanks with appropriate words or expressions:

1. then
2. easy
3. also
4. first
5. must

It is not going to be (1) … to change these crime problems. We must (2) … change many of the laws about drugs. We (3) … change the way cities spend their money. Until (4) …, the crime problems will not go away and we will live our life in fear.

C. The Expected Answers and Explanation

Task 1

1.      The main idea of the text is Crime and its cause.

Explanation:

Main idea is an idea that is being discussed in the text. Main idea of this text can be found by reading the whole text. The first paragraph is talking about crime. While the second, third, and fourth paragraph is talking about its causes. Consequently, we can infer that this text is about “Crime and its causes”

2.      The serious problem in big cities in the first paragraph is citizen do not feel safe even in their own home.

Explanation:

This serious problem can be found in the first paragraph. The writer shows several problems face by the citizens, such as; the subways are more dangerous, the streets are more dangerous, and we may not even be safe in your own home. The key word of this problem is not safe in several places, even in our home.

3.      The causes of the crime in big cities are money, drugs and the different social status (rich and poor neighborhoods).

Explanation:

The causes of the crime in big cities are clearly stated in the second, third and fourth paragraph.

In the second paragraph the writer describe money as one causes of crime. Then, in the third paragraph the writer explain other causes of crime, that is drugs. Next, the last cause is stated in the fourth paragraph, that is different social status such as rich and poor neighborhoods.

Task 2

Task 2 is talking about reference. In this case “reference” in called anaphoric, meaning that it refers to pronoun that is stated previously. 

1.      The word “it” in sentence 1 paragraph 1 refers to Crime

Crime is a serious problem in big cities and it is getting worse every year.

2.      The word “these” in sentence 5 paragraph 2 refers to police officers, cars and guns.

To fight crime, a city needs police officers, cars and guns. These cost a lot of money but right now cities do not have much extra money.

3.      The word “ they” in sentence 3 paragraph 3 refers to criminals.

Crime studies show that many criminals use and sell drugs. After they start taking drugs, they want to have more.

Task 3

1.      Easy

Explanation: For cloze text, try to analyze the words located before and after the blank. Before the blank there is “be”. “Be” is followed by adjective, noun, adverb, verb-ing, or verb 3. So, the answer should be “Easy”. In addition, an adjective is usually followed by “to infinitive”.

2.      First

Explanation: after the word “must”, there must be the first form either verb 1 or be. However, in this case, after the blank there is already a verb 1. It means that there is no need to put  a verb anymore. The options are a determiner or a conjunction. “Also” and “then” cannot be used since they indicate addition or continuing something. So the best answer is “first”.

3.      Also

Explanation: Because number 2 has been utilized the word “first”, “also” can be used to give additional information

4.      Then

Explanation: the word “until” is an adverb. To complete it, the word “then” can be used as emphasis to time reference.

D. Theoretical Review

1.      Teori tentang reading skills

Hammer (1991) stated that reading is an exercise dominated by the eyes and the brain. The eyes receive messages and the brain then has to work out the significance  of the message. While Harrison and Smith (1980) stated that reading is act of responding with appropriate meaning to print or written verbal symbols. It means that reading is the result of interaction between the graphic symbols that represent language and the readers language skill, cognitive skill and knowledge of the word. In this process, the reader tries to recreate the meaning intended by the writer

Furthermore Moreillon (2007) stated that reading is making meaning from print and from visual information. But reading is not simple. Reading is an active process that requires a great deal of practice and skill.

Nurkamto, et al (2012) menyebutkan rumusan indikator yang benar untuk keterampilan berbahasa reading yaitu (1) memunjukkan gagasan utama suatu teks atau paragraph, (2) menentukan tujuan teks atau penulis, (3) menyebutkan informasi rinci dalam teks, baik yang tersirat maupun tersurat, (4) menjelaskan makna kata atau ungkapan tertentu dalam teks, (5) menjelaskan rujukan yang ada dalam teks.

Reading is an exercise/act/process of coordinating the eyes and the brain to find meaning from the text and to learn about word identification and comprehension strategies. Reading indicators can be defined as follows:

a.          Finding the main idea

The main idea of a paragraph is the point of the passage, minus all the details. Main idea can be found by summarize the passage in one sentence that includes the gist of ever idea from the paragraph. A good way to do this is to pretend you have just ten words to tell someone what the passage was about. You'd have to think broadly, so you could included every detail in just a short statement.

b.         Determining the purpose of the text

c.          Finding explicit and implicit information

d.         Determining expression and word meaning

e.          Finding reference in the text

2.      Teori tentang teks

Analytical Exposition

Definition                    : is a text that elaborates the writer’s idea about the

  phenomenon surrounding

Social function               : to persuade the reader or listener that the idea is important  matter.

Generic structure         :

a.       Thesis : introduces a topic and indicates the writer's position; outlines the main arguments to be presented.

b.      Arguments : restates main arguments outlined in a preview; develops and supports each point/argument.

c.       Conclusion : restates the writer's position.

Language Features

a.       Using relational process

b.      Using internal conjunction

c.       Using causal conjunction

d.      Using simple present tense

LAMPIRAN 2: ALAT PENILAIAN

A. Instrument

Directions: Read the following texts, then answer the questions about them by choosing A, B, C, or D that best answers each question or completes each sentence.

Text 1 (Questions 1 – 6)

I think the Canterbury Council should construct more activity centers in most local areas.  There are some reasons for this.t

Firstly, during the school holidays, many children who don’t have much on their minds can attend their local activity centers. It will keep them busy and they can also learn to do lots of different things. Another reason is children can encourage others to attend the local activity centers. Children will not get bored because they can have lots of fun. Finally, it might stop children from vandalizing properties that don’t belong to them because they can go to the activity centers, have fun, and enjoy themselves.

 These are the main reasons why I think we should have more activity centers. It will be educational and a very good experience for lots of children.

1. What is the text about?

       A.   The importance of constructing more activity centers

       B.    The need for making children busy and have fun

       C.    A way of preventing children from getting bored

       D.   The reasons for having educational experience

2. It can be inferred from the text that ….

       A.   Canterbury Council has constructed many activity centers

       B.    There are only few activity centers in most local areas

       C.    Activity centers tend to make children hang around

       D.   The construction of more activity centers is useless

3. How does the writer feel if more activity centers are constructed in most local areas?

       A.   excited

       B.    interested

       C.    disappointed

       D.   encouraged

4. The word “this” (sentence 2 paragraph 1) refers to ….

       A.   Canterbury Council’s proposal to construct activity center

       B.    Keeping children busy and have fun in the holidays

       C.    The construction of more local activity centers

       D.   Learning how to do certain things

5. The word “encourage” (sentence 3 paragraph 2) can be best replaced by the word ...

A. explain

B. motivate

C. describe

D. prevent

Text 2 (question 6 – 10)

Solar energy has many uses. In many parts of the world, people are building solar houses with large numbers of windows to collect the heat of the sun. Solar collectors can make hot water from sun light. The rays of the sun heat water in a solar collector, and the hot water goes into storage tank. People can use the hot water for washing or for heating their houses. In the future, people may use the rays of the sun to make electricity for their homes. They will use photovoltaic cells to make electricity from sun light.

The sun is an important “new” source of energy. It is less expensive than oil or nuclear energy. Furthermore, it does not cause pollution and it is not as dangerous as nuclear power. Many people think that solar energy will be the answer to our future energy problems.

6. What is the best title for the text?

A. Energy Problems

B. Solar Houses

C. Sources of Power

D. Solar Energy

7. What is called the new source of energy?

1. the light
2. the sun
3. the oil
4. the nucleus

8. What can a solar collector do?

1. answering our future energy problems
2. making electricity from sunlight
3. using hot water for washing
4. making hot water from sunlight

9.Where are people building solar houses?

1. in the areas where people have energy problems
2. in all parts of the world
3. in the areas where there is no electricity
4. in places where there is the light of the sun

10.What problems may solar energy solve?

1. Water storages
2. Future energy problems
3. Storage problems
4. Oil or nuclear energy

B. Answer Key

1.    A

       Explanation: it can be seen from the keywords used in the text. They match with option A. Each paragraph tells about option A.

2.    B

       Explanation: the phrase “should construct more activity centers” indicates that now there are only a few that existed.

3.    A

       Explanation: If more activity centers are constructed in most local areas, the writer’s hope will be realized. The writer must feel excited.

4.    C

       Explanation: The word “this” (sentence 2 paragraph 1) refers to the construction of more local activity centers. “This” replaces the thing having been mentioned before.

5.    B

            Explanation: The word “encourage” means to make someone more likely to do something, or to make something more likely to happen. So, it is just the same as “motivate”.

6.    D

       Explanation: to find the best title, readers need to search the idea or the words that are talked about and appeared very often.

7.    B

       The answer is stated in the text (paragraph 2 sentence 1).

8.    D

       The answer is stated in the text (paragraph 1 sentence 3).

9.    D

       The answer is inferred in the text (paragraph 1 sentence 2).

10. B

       The answer is stated in the text (paragraph 2, last sentence)

C. Scoring Rubric

    

Uraian	Nilai
Jawaban Benar	1
Jawaban Salah	0

Untuk setiap jawaban yang benar diberi skor 1, dan untuk setiap jawaban yang salah diberi skor 0. Ada 10 soal, maka jumlah skor maksimal adalah 10. Nilai siswa diambil dari jumlah skor (jawaban benar) dibagi jumlah seluruh soal (10) dikalikan seratus. Sehingga nilai maksimal yang dicapai siswa adalah 100.

                                  ∑=      Jawaban benar     X 100

                                                  10

Misalnya Santi  berhasil menjawab 7 pertanyaan dengan benar dan 3 lainnya salah, maka nilai yang diperoleh Santi adalah:

                                      Nilai =               7       X 100
                                                               10

                                        = 70

Jadi nilai yang diperoleh Andi adalah 70